Django中提供了“信号调度”，用于在框架执行操作时解耦。通俗来讲，就是一些动作发生的时候，信号允许特定的发送者去提醒一些接受者。
1、Django内置信号
Model signals pre_init # django的modal执行其构造方法前，自动触发 post_init # django的modal执行其构造方法后，自动触发 pre_save # django的modal对象保存前，自动触发 post_save # django的modal对象保存后，自动触发 pre_delete # django的modal对象删除前，自动触发 post_delete # django的modal对象删除后，自动触发 m2m_changed # django的modal中使用m2m字段操作第三张表（add,remove,clear）前后，自动触发 class_prepared # 程序启动时，检测已注册的app中modal类，对于每一个类，自动触发 Management signals pre_migrate # 执行migrate命令前，自动触发 post_migrate # 执行migrate命令后，自动触发 Request / response signals request_started # 请求到来前，自动触发 request_finished # 请求结束后，自动触发 got_request_exception # 请求异常后，自动触发 Test signals setting_changed # 使用test测试修改配置文件时，自动触发 template_rendered # 使用test测试渲染模板时，自动触发 Database Wrappers connection_created # 创建数据库连接时，自动触发 对于Django内置的信号，仅需注册指定信号，当程序执行相应操作时，自动触发注册函数：
from django.core.signals import request_finished from django.core.signals import request_started from django.core.signals import got_request_exception from django.db.models.signals import class_prepared from django.db.models.signals import pre_init, post_init from django.db.models.signals import pre_save, post_save from django.db.models.signals import pre_delete, post_delete from django.db.models.signals import m2m_changed from django.db.models.signals import pre_migrate, post_migrate from django.test.signals import setting_changed from django.test.signals import template_rendered from django.db.backends.signals import connection_created def callback(sender, **kwargs): print("xxoo_callback") print(sender,kwargs) xxoo.connect(callback) # xxoo指上述导入的内容 from django.core.signals import request_finished from django.core.signals import request_started from django.core.signals import got_request_exception from django.db.models.signals import class_prepared from django.db.models.signals import pre_init, post_init from django.db.models.signals import pre_save, post_save from django.db.models.signals import pre_delete, post_delete from django.db.models.signals import m2m_changed from django.db.models.signals import pre_migrate, post_migrate from django.test.signals import setting_changed from django.test.signals import template_rendered from django.db.backends.signals import connection_created def callback(sender, **kwargs): print("xxoo_callback") print(sender,kwargs) xxoo.connect(callback) # xxoo指上述导入的内容 from django.core.signals import request_finishedfrom django.dispatch import receiver@receiver(request_finished)def my_callback(sender, **kwargs): print("Request finished!") from django.core.signals import request_finishedfrom django.dispatch import receiver@receiver(request_finished)def my_callback(sender, **kwargs): print("Request finished!") 2、自定义信号
a. 定义信号
import django.dispatch pizza_done = django.dispatch.Signal(providing_args = [ "toppings" , "size" ]) b. 注册信号
def callback(sender, * * kwargs): print ( "callback" ) print (sender,kwargs) pizza_done.connect(callback) c. 触发信号
from 路径 import pizza_done pizza_done.send(sender = 'seven' ,toppings = 123 , size = 456 ) 由于内置信号的触发者已经集成到Django中，所以其会自动调用，而对于自定义信号则需要开发者在任意位置触发。
更多，https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/signals/